Biodiversity and climate change: Integrating REDD+ into BioTrade strategies

Biodiversity climate change: Integrating REDD+ BioTrade strategies AT Biodiversity climate change: Integrating REDD+ BioTrade strategies AT BIOTRADE 11–13 DECEMBER 2013 - GENEVA Report CONGRESS York Geneva, 2015 Report II BIOTRADE CONGRESS BIODIVERSITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE: INTEGRATING REDD+ INTO BIOTRADE STRATEGIES 11–13 DECEMBER 2013 - GENEVA UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Copyright © United Nations, 2014 rights reserved UNCTAD/DITC/TED/2014/6 NOTE designations employed presentation material imply expression opinion part United Nations legal status country, territory, city area, authorities delimitation frontiers boundaries. Material publication freely quoted reprinted, acknowledgement requested, copy publication quotation reprint UNCTAD secretariat. publication edited externally. information UNCTAD’ BioTrade Initiative consult website: http://www.unctad.org/biotrade contact: biotrade@unctad.org ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS report BioTrade Congress: Biodiversity Climate Change: Integrating REDD+ BioTrade Strategies compiled prepared Trade, Environment, Climate Change Sustainable Development Branch UNCTAD Secretariat, supervision Lorena Jaramillo Castro, Economic �airs �cer David Vivas-Eugui, Legal �cer UNCTAD, support Ivonne Paredes, Programme Assistant. Contributors publication Colombian Ministry Environment Sustainable Development, Peruvian Ministry Environment, Swiss State Secretariat Economic �airs (SECO), CITES Management Authority (Switzerland), Union Ethical BioTrade (UEBT) PhytoTrade Africa. publication edited Vivien Stone. UNCTAD gratefully acknowledges support Swiss State Secretariat Economic �airs organization II BioTrade Congress. Support Congress drawn United Nations Development Account project. UNCTAD moderators speakers Congress support contributions sharing experiences lessons learned. wide base support demonstrates real interest making BioTrade commercial success growing recognition role synergies BioTrade REDD+ play climate change mitigation adaptation �orts developing countries. Guillermo Valles Director Division International Trade Goods Services, Commodities (DITC) PREVIOUS CONGRESS Biodiversity: Life Green Economy 1 . II. III. IV. . VI. VII. FOREWORD SECOND BIOTRADE CONGRESS BIODIVERSITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE: INTEGRATING REDD+ INTO BIOTRADE STRATEGIES THE POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT AGENDA EMERGING ISSUE: CLIMATE CHANGE AND BIOTRADE – OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES POLICY FRAMEWORKS: BIODIVERSITY STRATEGIC PLAN AND THE AICHI TARGETS BENEFIT SHARING IN BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEMS SERVICES ACCESSING AND DEVELOPING MARKETS FOR BIODIVERSITY PRODUCTS AND SERVICES VALUE CHAIN ENHANCEMENT SOUTHþSOUTH AND CROSSþINDUSTRY COPERATION ÿ SHARING OF EXPERIENCES AND BEST PRACTICES IMPORTANCE OF TRACEABILITY SYSTEMS ÿ SHARING OF EXPERIENCES AND KNOWLEDGE SUPPORTERS PARTNERS ACRONYMS BIOTRA DE CO GRESS 1 2 4 8 12 16 24 28 32 36 BIO IVERSITY CLIM ATE CHA GE:IN TEGRATIN RED + IN TO BIOTRA DE STRATEGIES 11–13 ECEM BER 20 13 -GEN EVA VIII. IX. 20 38 2 ûkhòùî òúûþò Secretary-General, United Nations Conference Trade Development (UNCTAD) conservation responsible management biodiversity essential meeting humankind, today tomorrow, sustaining common planet. Biodiversity, ecosystems, species genetic resources source food, medicines, fresh water, productive soils clean air. Convention Biological Diversity (CBD) Secretariat, 70 cent world’ poor rural areas depend resources cover 90 cent . , 1.6 billion people depend forest -timber forest products (NTFPs) livelihoods, 3 billion people depend coastal marine biodiversity. direct role livelihoods, biodiversity valued societies cultural, spiritual religious purposes. , sustainable transformation biodiversity resources tradable goods services prove valuable platform economic development. , global demand natural organic cosmetic personal care products growing significantly, sustainably sourced natural ingredients. Indonesian Cosmetic Association estimated major markets products grown 11 cent 2009 2010, expected reach US$ 6.7 billion United States; US$ 5.6 billion Brazil; US$ 8.2 billion Europe; US$ 16.2 billion Asia 2015. , great care ensure usage deplete biodiversity, ensure beneýts enjoyed generations. Today, biodiversity greatly threatened human activity due exploitation habitat loss, hunting, deforestation, fishing pollution, negative effects climate change. , biodiversity loss addressed prevented, biodiversity-based resources managed sustainable, equitable inclusive manner. ú key concern formulation Post-2015 UNDevelopment Agenda Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). background, UNCTAD launched implemented BioTrade Initiative 1996. ú programme aims developing countries achieve dual objectives biodiversity conservation improved economic social welfare. linking conservation sustainable biodiversity hand, trade derived products services . úrough close cooperation national, regional international partners, BioTrade generated beneýts 21 countries Asia, Africa Latin America. : • BioTrade activities beneýted approximately 30 000 collectors, breeders, hunters producers, creating jobs generating additional income opportunities rural marginal communities actors chain. • 19 million hectares land sustainably managed beneýciary organizations working BioTrade, promoting conservation sustainable biodiversity. • Sales revenues BioTrade beneficiary organizations, working small andmedium sized 3 enterprises (SMEs) multinational companies, amounted US$ 4.1 billion 2011, showing 76 cent growth rate 2010. BioTrade Initiative, beneýciary countries capture trade investment opportunities arising sustainably produced biodiversity-based products services, diversify economies exports wide variety sectors food, personal care, pharmaceutical/traditional medicine fashion industries, sustainable agriculture, flowers foliage, fibres handicrafts, sustainable tourism. , report United Nations Secretary-General 68th Session General Assembly “Mainstreaming dimensions sustainable development United Nations system” recognized important contribution BioTrade Initiative. ú II BioTrade Congress entitled “Biodiversity Climate Change: Integrating REDD+ BioTrade Strategies” focused integrate climate change mitigation measures BioTrade activities. clear efforts conserve biodiversity promote sustainable economic development account mitigate climate change. , UN Framework Convention Climate Change (UNFCCC) introduced targeted measures Reducing Emissions Deforestation Forest Degradation (REDD), includes “conservation, sustainable management forests enhancement forest carbon stocks” (REDD+). measures offer financial incentives developing countries reduce emissions forested lands invest -carbon paths foster sustainable development. , United Nations Climate Change Conference held 2013 Warsaw agreed Warsaw Framework REDD+, package measures designed contribute climate change mitigation biodiversity conservation. addition, US$ 280 million pledged Norway, United Kingdom United States America support REDD+ activities. introduction REDD+measures funding, developing countries opportunity integrate biodiversity conservation activities climate-friendly policies, strengthening local sustainable economic activities forest areas. Combining REDD+ BioTrade promises dual benefit carbon sequestration biodiversity conservation. , create signiý revenue streams local communities commercialize carbon credits BioTrade products services. Forest Trends, 2012, buyers committed US$ 523 million ûset 101 million metric tons greenhouse gas (GHG). assist developing countries advantage opportunities, UNCTAD, Forests Alive international experts, developing step--step training manual guidance accessing REDD+ BioTrade projects. engaged discussions coordinate joint ûorts seize emerging opportunities. II BioTrade Congress platform significant number stakeholders share experiences BioTrade related ûorts integrate climate change mitigation. , included Ministries Environment Colombia Peru, BioTrade programmes Andean Region Viet Nam, PhytoTrade Africa, Forests Alive, Union Ethical BioTrade (UEBT), CITES Secretariat CITES Management Authority Switzerland, transnational corporations experts Brazil, Ecuador Paciý islands including Papua Guinea Vanuatu. UNCTADwould express deep appreciation continued support BioTrade Initiative Switzerland Swiss State Secretariat Economic ûairs (SECO). ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . 4 toll biodiversity , development challenge, requires integrated strategic approach including integration biodiversity-based strategies climate change mitigation. UNFCCC introduced targeted measures Reducing Emissions Deforestation Forest Degradation (REDD), includes “conservation, sustainable management forests enhancement forest carbon stocks” (REDD+). úese measures ûer ýnancial incentives developing countries reduce emissions forested lands, conserving forests, invest -carbon emission paths sustainable development. introduction measures, exists opportunity developing countries integrate BioTrade activities climate-friendly policies, strengthening local . II BIOTRADE CONGRESS Biodiversity climate change: Integrating REDD+ BioTrade Strategies SECOND BIOTRADE CONGRESS BIODIVERSITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE: INTEGRATING REDD+ INTO BIOTRADE STRATEGIES economic activities forest areas beneýtting local communities conserving forests biodiversity. offer sustainable development opportunities developing countries biodiversity-based carbon markets. address opportunity, 7th tranche United Nations Development Account, UNCTAD implemented project “Strengthening capacity policymakers business leaders BioTrade beneficiary countries integrating REDD+ projects BioTrade strategies”. ú project strengthened capacities developing countries (Brazil, Colombia Ecuador) formulating implementingmutually supportive trade, environment sustainable development strategies line BioTrade REDD+ practices. . ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ :© ð õð íë ä: ð õð ô â9 à. 5 order disseminate experiences lessons generated project partners’ related activities, II BioTrade Congress organized Geneva 11 13 December 2013. ú Congress focused climate change issues mechanisms, REDD+, leveraged preserve biodiversity, including forests, provide platform cooperation additional business opportunities captured BioTrade partners practitioners. BioTrade projects companies providing framework form basis developing carbon sequestration projects : • BioTrade aims contribute increasing existing forests vis-à-vis unsustainable practices convert forests (.. illegal deforestation / degradation); • BioTrade practitioners fostering conservation sustainable management existing forests sustainable harvesting -timber forest products, sustainable tourism initiatives; • BioTrade actors strong linkages local communities, involved business experience implementing BioTrade. ú Congress convened UNCTAD, support BioTrade partners practitioners Africa, Asia Latin America, experts working REDD+ climate change SECO. Utilizing expertise BioTrade partners experts, event organized ýve sessions government, private sector civil society representatives covered variety important topics. ú present report compiles deliberations, issues recommendations arising Congress. report relevant multilateral processes channels, including UNCTAD, multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) UN processes related Sustainable Development Goals, , order continue mainstreaming BioTrade relevant policy frameworks processes multilateral, regional national levels. ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : ïæ ù ð õç íí ç. 6 ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ :© ð õð íë ä: åê òë ôã á. ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ :© Fo lia : hr 74 . ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : ä÷ ëæ ë÷ äô . 7 TIME SESSIONS MODERATOR 1 1 2 0 1 3 0 9 : 0 0 – 1 0 : 3 0 Welcoming remarks Post-2015 Development Agenda UNCTAD 1 0 : 4 5 – 1 3 : 0 0 Emerging issue: Climate change BioTrade – opportunities challenges UNCTAD 1 4 : 3 0 – 1 6 : 3 0 Session 1: Policy frameworks: Biodiversity Strategic Plan Aichi Targets Ministry Environment Sustainable Development Colombia 1 6 : 3 0 – 1 8 : 3 0 Session 2: Beneý sharing biodiversity ecosystems services Union Ethical BioTrade 1 2 2 0 1 3 1 0 : 0 0 – 1 3 : 0 0 Session 3: Accessing developing markets biodiversity products services SECO 1 4 : 3 0 – 1 7 : 3 0 Session 4: chain enhancement PhytoTrade Africa 1 3 2 0 1 3 1 0 : 0 0 – 1 3 : 0 0 Session 5a: South‑South cross‑industry cooperation – sharing experiences practices Ministry Environment Peru 1 4 : 3 0 – 1 6 : 3 0 Session 5b: Importance traceability systems – sharing experiences knowledge CITES Management Authority/ Federal Veterinary ýce Switzerland 1 7 : 0 0 – 1 8 : 3 0 Closing remarks UNCTAD II BioTrade Congress Biodiversity climate change: Integrating REDD+ BioTrade strategies 11-13 DECEMBER 2013 GENEVA ò÷ðòüñøùòúþ îõð ïôòîúñ ïîõñ: õúñøîúòõ REDD+ òõú÷ ò÷øîðñ ùúøîúñòñù 8 Background session highlighted importance inclusive environmentally responsible development path order promote prosperity countries. emphasized role trade enabler importance sustainable trade biodiversity based products services order achieve sustainable development. Summary panel ýrst session Congress high-level speakers acknowledged signiý contribution biodiversity ecosystems services. constitute key inputs wide variety goods services, climate change mitigation poverty eradication rural areas. trade biodiversity-derived products key industries illustrates importance biodiversity emergence greener economy tangible beneýts actors involved chain. Estimations CBD Secretariat natural ingredient driven cosmetic industry worth US$ 26 billion. Similarly, natural beverage industry represents US$ 23 billion, seed crop industry US$ 43 billion botanicals sales approximately US$ 85 billion. ú expansion drivenmostly rising consumer awareness, interest choices board ethical, biodiversity-friendly sustainability considerations purchasing goods services. , underlying biodiversity loss exploitation habitat loss, deforestation pollution remain unaltered. “Biodiversity loss addressed prevented, biodiversity-based resources managed sustainable, equitable inclusive manner. ú key concern formulation Post-2015 UNDevelopment Agenda Sustainable Development Goals”, expressed Mukhisa Kituyi, UNCTAD’ Secretary-General. ø. ûòôôñø÷ îôôñù Director Division International Trade Goods Services, Commodities (DITC) UNCTAD ø. ûkhòùî òúûþò Secretary-General UNCTAD . THE POSTþ2015 DEVELOPMENT AGENDA II. ø. øîûôò÷ òîù Executive Secretary, CBD ø. îõù‑ñúñø ôñø Head Division Trade Promotion, SECO ø. ÷õ ïîõô÷õ Secretary‑General, CITES Moderator Speakers Welcoming remarks Keynote speakers ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . II BIOTRADE CONGRESS Biodiversity climate change: Integrating REDD+ BioTrade Strategies 9 context, UNCTAD’ BioTrade programme emerged 20 years approach trade biodiversity based goods services promote income generation local level contributing biodiversity conservation. UNCTAD’ Secretary-General, Mukhisa Kituyi, “Sales revenues BioTrade beneýciary organizations, working SMEs multinational companies, amounted US$ 4.1 billion 2011, showing 76 cent growth rate 2010”. úese ýgures show signiý increase commercial sustainable produced biodiversity-based products developed developing country markets, consequential impact incomes actors involved. , “BioTrade instrument contributes climate change mitigation””, Hans-Peter Egler, Head Division Trade Promotion State Secretariat Economic ûairs (SECO), Switzerland. beginning climate change mechanisms coherent biodiversity. emergence REDD+ programmes exploratory work moving convergence BioTrade climate change mitigation approaches, opportunities dual benefits international community. Hans-Peter Egler expressed Peru leading examples evolution ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : êç ð æù ê ðñ . ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . 10 BioTrade programmes coherent regulations, support capacity building programmes stakeholder participation generated practical results emergence successful products. Creating synergies multiple layers incentivesmay conservation restoration ecosystems diversity ensuring services provide, carbon stocks, maintained Braulio Dias, Executive Secretary CBD. ú evident introduction REDD+ projects secondary markets. BioTrade vehicle complement implementation global regulations trade endangered potentially endangered animal plant species covered Convention International Trade Endangered Species Wild Fauna Flora (CITES). “CITES promote discourage trade, CITES regulation trade listed species. Legal sustainable collection, processing trade listed species vicuna, snakes, crocodile African cherry supporting livelihoods local communities”, stated John Scanlon, Secretary-General CITES. Current joint efforts UNCTAD CITES seek options ûective traceability systems python skins practical real effects promoting legal, veriý sustainable trade ensuring livelihoods closer natural resources. Biodiversity nature multi-dimensional necessitates multi-stakeholder approach. Working diûerent stakeholders transaction costs building incentives, regulations efforts properly aligned sustainable outcomes. imminent entry force Nagoya Protocol significant impact access, benefit sharing flows biological genetic resources preservation traditional knowledge held local indigenous communities. Protocol clearer regulatory framework enabling environment Access Beneý Sharing (ABS) proper implementation generate businesses based sustainable sourcing respect rights stakeholders. ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ :© ð õð íë ä: ì òä èõ â. ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . 11 Key conclusions ú main conclusions session : • ú signiýcance contribution biodiversity ecosystems services key inputs wide variety goods services, including climate change mitigation poverty eradication rural areas. • ûorts creating synergies climate change mechanisms REDD+ BioTrade provide unique unprecedented opportunity generate convergence climate change mitigation biodiversity conservation goals. • Developing REDD+ BioTrade projects pragmatic approach technical efforts climate change biodiversity communities. Practical experiences regard encouraged supported. • Sustainable sourcing CITES-listed species strengthen BioTrade relevant sectors fashion design, textiles, cosmetics medicinal plants support livelihoods part chain. continuation expansion CITES-UNCTAD work traceability python species possibly animal plant species provide platform safer sourcing increase cooperation private sector fulfilment CITES convention. • Sustainable trade, biodiversity conservation climate mitigation key concerns addressed coherently formulation Post-2015 Development Agenda development Sustainable Development Goals. ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : RP EI . ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ :© ð õð íë ä: ò äï åì ðï ïð õ. 12 . EMERGING ISSUE: CLIMATE CHANGE ANDBIOTRADE ÿOPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES III. Background BioTrade REDD+ activities strongly linked potential generate complementary revenues local communities. session focused discussing potential opportunities challenges working joint BioTrade REDD+ initiatives. included update UNFCCC discussions REDD+ voluntary carbon markets, presentation UNCTAD-Forests Alive - methodology support design implementation innovative REDD+ BioTrade projects complying BioTrade principles. Finally, session insights development REDD+ BioTrade project Ecuador. Moderator ù. ÷øñõî îøîòôô÷ îùúø÷ Economic Affairs ýcer UNCTAD Speakers ù. îòù òõîøñù‑ûüñõîô Senior ýcer UN-REDD Programme Secretariat member UN-REDD Programme Management Group ø. îýøñõïñ òmmñø Research -ordinator & Technical Specialist Forests Alive ù. ùîûøî ø÷õðòò UNCTAD consultant Brazil ø. îõòñô îôñõûñôî UNCTAD consultant Ecuador ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ CT . ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ :© ð õð íë ä: ç òé çù ç íð ÷. II BIOTRADE CONGRESS Biodiversity climate change: Integrating REDD+ BioTrade Strategies 13 ÷ûøïñ: Presentation Forests Alive II BioTrade Congress, 11 December 2013. òûøñ 1 Summary panel Standing forests, ecological , long main source livelihoods rural poor indigenous communities developing countries. Climate change, including cutting forests, real risk society biodiversity. counter climate changemitigation solutions developed – REDD+. REDD+ projects cost-effective stabilize emissions enhancing carbon stocks conservation sustainable forests. BioTrade complement REDD+ principles, approaches methodologies. provide incentives forest biodiversity conservation. Successful projects account decisions Conference Parties UNFCCC CBD, national international initiatives approaches ýeld. date BioTrade projects running longer generated concrete beneýts REDD+ projects. REDD+ BioTrade activities synchronized, implementation costs reduced maximizing ecosystems services carbon sequestration, strengthening chains, stimulating job creation, alleviating poverty rural areas. Ecuadorian cocoa experience showed higher economic beneýts achieved monocrops agroforestry systems higher carbon dioxide sequestration. , combining BioTrade REDD+ approaches increase activities conserve forests ( carbon stocks) provide higher economic beneýts communities due revenue streams (sale carbon credits biodiversity products services). session, step--step methodology design implement combined REDD+ BioTrade projects discussed (Figure 1). ú methodology underpinned development UNCTAD -learning “Developing joint BioTrade REDD+ projects”. ú ýrst -learning conducted early 2014 (www.biotrade.org/eLearnREDDplus.htm). ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ CT . 14 Key conclusions potential link REDD+ BioTrade, positive incentives conserve sustainably existing forests. Finding synergies REDD+ BioTrade implies coordinated ûort ensure: • enabling policy environment; • Private sector investment carbon sequestration BioTrade products services; • Local communities participate management carbon stocks, sustainable -added activities beneý sharing. REDD+ beneýts immediately visible entail medium long-term endeavour. case BioTrade, bringing products market receiving payment direct, tangible . úerefore, BioTrade motivate investors stakeholders start activities longer term aim implementing REDD+. Linking REDD+ BioTrade activities area climate change biodiversity communities. challenges integration related forest conservation, land ownership management ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ :© ð õð íë ä: ìä íù ñô ðß . 15 ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ CT . issues, complex methodologies legal frameworks. standards methodologies REDD+ biodiversity-based products services confuse companies project developers. , bringing concepts assessed explained order overwhelm potential practitioners. pragmatic exercise REDD+ BioTrade concepts essential. implies capacity building, awareness raising field testing exercises specific stakeholders ecosystems. UNCTAD -learning REDD+ BioTrade (www.biotrade.org/eLearnREDDplus.htm) seeks provide platform understanding basics REDD+ BioTrade. guidelines methodology offer starting point formulate develop joint REDD+ BioTrade initiatives identify opportunities challenges integrating incentives ensuring ûective implementation. ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : î äú ðï òð î ä. 16 IV. POLICY FRAMEWORKS: BIODIVERSITY STRATEGIC PLAN AND THE AICHI TARGETS Background ú restoration ecosystems diversity life earth, eradication poverty follow healthy environment services ensure human welfare. urgent ûective measures halt loss biodiversity. requires actors involved cooperate remain steadfast implementing 2011–2020 Biodiversity Strategic Plan fulýlling Aichi Targets. ú huge task ûorts aligned build synergies, optimize resources enhance impacts outcomes achieved. sustainable inclusive approach required. session space speakers participants shared practical experiences contributing speciý Aichi Targets. Speciý targets BioTrade partners working identified targets potential contribution. Moderator Speakers ø. ò ûúùï‑ ÷ñõî Executive Director Union Ethical BioTrade ù. îõñùùî õîø Specialist BioTrade Ministry Environment, Peru ø. ÷ùñ îõûñô íî ÷þ÷ù Specialist Environmental Management Ministry Environment Sustainable Development Colombia ø. ÷ñøú îmb Senior Programme ýcer UNEP ù. òîõî ñíî Executive Director Corporació Biocomercio Sostenible, Colombia ù. îøû÷ ûùû Capacity Building Coordinator CITES Secretariat ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . Summary panel Strategic Plan Biodiversity 2011–2020 coherent vision, mission set ýve strategic goals 25 Aichi Targets. seeks ensure “biodiversity valued, conserved, restored wisely , maintaining ecosystems services, sustaining healthy planet delivering beneýts essential people”. series tools, including national reports, impact indicator framework Global Biodiversity Outlook enable monitoring ensure ûective implementation achievement Aichi Targets, discussed. implementation BioTrade related projects activities contribute advancement Aichi Targets. relevant targets BioTrade activities include: T1 (awareness raising), T3 (incentives), T4 (business engagement), T7 (sustainable agriculture practices), T12 (species based focus), T14 (improved livelihoods), T15 (resilient ecosystems) T16 (Nagoya Protocol implementation). ú UEBT Biodiversity Barometer indicator Aichi targets 1 4 clear understanding level consumer II BIOTRADE CONGRESS Biodiversity climate change: Integrating REDD+ BioTrade Strategies 17 awareness business engagement. ú Barometer shows increasing level awareness biodiversity 2009. ú UEBT developed set guidelines access beneý sharing (ABS) training tool incorporate benefit sharing component private sector policies, cosmetic sector. CITES/UNCTAD partnership allowed enhanced understanding species biodiversity-based products traceability options chains. ú illustrated trade sustainable Caiman yacare skin meat, candelilla wax, python snake skin vicuna wool. Specifically work contributes Aichi targets 12 19. emergence national BioTrade programmes promoted creation enabling environment. Peru integrate Aichi targets 3, 4, 7 14 BioTrade framework carefully choosing promoting relevant chains support programmes (.. UNCTAD BioTrade, BioCAN, PeruBiodiverso, Prodern). Today Peru created National BioTrade Commission adopting speciý BioTrade strategy action plan. Corporació Biocomercio Sostenible’ GHG mitigation BioTrade joint initiative contributing Aichi targets 14 15. diversifying options land improving chains benefit local communities area. joint initiative developed incentives avoid deforestation payment ecosystems services engaging local production impact forests. ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : BD . 18 Key conclusions ú conclusions recommendations emerged: • úere improve regulatory coherence coordinated implementation trade environmental policies formalization tools processes BioTrade promotion. ú type action support Aichi targets 3, 4 7. • Regional national strategic planning, product priority setting, demarcation conservation zones capacity building tools proven effective facilitated successful cases Andean countries. • development national regulatory institutional capacity biodiversity, including incentive measures BioTrade supporting governments implement Aichi Targets empower communities, support targets 3, 4, 7, 14 16. • introduction tools support regulated commercial trade CITES-listed species ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . 19 exploratory work chain enhancement, traceability responsible private engagement, open business opportunities sourcing models contribute Aichi targets 12, 14 19. • ú creation strengthening links REDD+ BioTrade introducing BioTrade principles criteria design REDD+ projects exploring sustainable -timber forest activities generate positive impacts Aichi targets 14 15. effective forest landscape management tools understanding land planning regulations provide platform deeper convergence. • Policies actions achieve Aichi Targets sustained, supported articulated multi-stakeholder platform, livelihoods depends BioTrade activities. • úere Aichi Targets framework planning, implementing measuring impact BioTrade activities projects, BioTrade Impact Assessment System (BTIAS). ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : ðò çï ä ä òä î ëí íð . ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . 20 . BENEFIT SHARING IN BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEMS SERVICES Background ú session focused core principles BioTrade fair equitable sharing beneýts derived biodiversity. BioTrade provisions equitable beneý sharing advance fair trade practices, recognition rights biodiversity traditional knowledge, respect social, cultural economic concerns local actors. ú session looked experiences perspectives implementing equitable benefit sharing arrangements contexts. considered implications upcoming entry force implementation Nagoya Protocol access beneý sharing. Moderator Speakers ù.îøíî ûôòî ôòüî Senior Adviser Access Beneý Sharing, UEBT ø. îýøñõïñ òmmñø Research Coordinator & Tech- nical Specialist, Forests Alive ù. îúòñ ñïñúú Research Innovation Manager PhytoTrade Africa ù. îøòî ñôñõî ñõðîôñù Biologist General Secretariat Andean Community ø. ûîõ ñøõîõð÷ ÷úñø÷ President CEO Ecoþora Cares ù. ñîúøò óñ‑ îùúø÷ Programme ýcer CBD Secretariat ø.îüòðòüîù‑ûûò Legal ýcer, UNCTAD ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ :© ð õð íë ä: æë çé ð åç ò÷ ð. Summary session session began introduction Marí Julia Oliva concept importance equitable sharing benefits context BioTrade, drawing experience UEBT – -proý organization promoting ethical sourcing biodiversity. Nagoya Protocol ABS, adopted 2010, expected enter force late 2014. David Vivas-Eugui, UNCTAD discussed main innovative provisions Nagoya Protocol, including scope, obligations, genetic resources, traditional knowledge compliance. úese points elaborated Beatriz ómez-Castro CBD Secretariat. UNCTAD explored implications Protocol BioTrade activities, emphasizing legal clarity. ú additional guidance speciý situations, , change access -situ collections, including legal restoration mechanism model clauses, noted. experience Ecoflora Cares, innovative Colombian company working natural ingredients, presented Juan Fernando Botero. Ecoþora built solid relationships supplier communities approaches aimed sustainably improving income livelihoods. ongoing ABS process natural colourant derived Genipa americana, requirements national international law, Ethical BioTrade Standard, explained. II BIOTRADE CONGRESS Biodiversity climate change: Integrating REDD+ BioTrade Strategies 21 case studies fair equitable benefit sharing activities applicable biological resources undertaken Programme Biodiversity Amazon Region Andean Countries (BioCAN) (2010–2013) presented Maria Helena Cendales, General Secretariat Andean Community. studies covered interaction associations hunters Caiman yacare tanneries ( Plurinational State Bolivia); work wild collectors NGOs Oenocarpus bataua (Ecuador); partnership wild collectors ofMyrciaria dubia, research institute trader (Colombia). Benefit sharing work PhytoTrade Africa, supports benefit sharing biodiversity-based activities utilization genetic resources, explored Katie Beckett examples marula (Namibia) baobab (southern Africa). practices beneý sharing, including ABS, developed grassroots propositions members. “avoided harvest” projects ( Australia) Forests Alive presented Lawrence Rimmer. Work projects, validated Veriýed Carbon Standard (VCS), began 2010. Objectives include confronting climate change, helping local communities conserving biodiversity. inhabitants project area, 40 000 people living close distance benefiting . Benefits contemplated project include management indigenous heritage, employment, education institutional collaboration. ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ :© ð õð íë ä: ç ïô êð õ. 22 Key conclusions Discussions highlighted wealth experiences opportunities fair equitable beneý sharing BioTrade context. Participants highlighted importance continuing work topics, order address remaining uncertainties, support capacity building involve stakeholders. advance fair equitable sharing beneýts cases access genetic resources utilization, participants stressed : • Importance clear practical rules ABS, SMEs; • define scope ABS require- ments; • Key understand diûerent costs beneýts ABS regulatory implementation approaches; 23 • ABS learning process, ABS laws regulations include processes regularizing activities; • stakeholders involved ABS policy discussions; • ABS rules applicable BioTrade activities, involve research development. advance fair equitable sharing benefits generally, key issues highlighted included: • Importance capacity building, local level; • Creating platforms dialogue fundamental – coming deýne beneý, fair sharing place; • Critical role community-based organizations support associations; • Beneý sharing requires proýtable sustainable businesses. ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . 24 VI. ACCESSING AND DEVELOPING MARKETS FOR BIODIVERSITY PRODUCTS AND SERVICES Background ú session focused key elements lessons learned accessing niche markets sustainably produced products derived biodiversity. úrough real life experiences personal care food industries, service providers forest carbon markets, industry leaders stakeholders shared strategy positioning products focusing “sustainability”, “biodiversity” “social, inclusive fair trade” concepts. views complemented mega-diverse country exemplifies sustainability practices, BioTrade, enhance develop international markets. ú main opportunities challenges faced highlighted, capture growing market trends. Speakers Moderator ù. îõñùùî õîø Specialist BioTrade Ministry Environment, Peru ø. îýøñõïñ òmmñø Research Coordinator & Technical Specialist Forests Alive ù. þîøîò ûøñbgîùñî Managing Director Speciality Foods Africa ù. ÷ùòñ Akñùúñø Community Fair Trade Senior Buyer, Body Shop ø. îõù ñúñø ôñø Head Division Trade Promotion SECO Summary session Success achieving market access depends great extent knowing buyer . Information regulations, consumer preferences distribution channels essential. , certification logos offered clear advantage, today great deal consumer confusion. Today, businesses space certification logos packaging link corporate image. Businesses today interested type ingredients, sustainable sourcing practices, benefits communities story . Small BioTrade producers ýnding success local regional markets. Experience markets good training venturing global markets. BioTrade products offer opportunities indigenous natural ingredients (.. marula baobab). Exporting foreign markets complex expensive. great deal preparedness, access credit, technical support knowledge ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . II BIOTRADE CONGRESS Biodiversity climate change: Integrating REDD+ BioTrade Strategies 25 ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ :© ð õð íë ä: î ëõ òë ù ä ïë íç ïì ð. regulations (.. foods). important understand regulations standards govern speciý product, proactive ensuring quality adding . Marketing BioTrade important factor upscale sales. Export promotion activities Promperu, assistance Swiss Import Promotion Programme (SIPPO) umbrella PeruBiodiverso Project, Peru platform entering niche markets obtaining certiýcations support product diûerentiation. Today, export biodiversity products Peru reached US$ 255 million (2012). . úere strengthening chains collaborative models start investing innovation. carbon market REDD+ process takes time benefits expected. potential rules benefits vary depending carbon credits sold compliant voluntary markets. , investment capital needed landowner attain carbon credits REDD+ project country Australia approximately US$ 150 000. developing countries technological capacity, resources , cost higher approach US$ 1million. Preparing projects selling credits patience, ýnancial support, legal administrative work multi-stakeholder approach. Biodiversity community benefits demonstrated combining REDD+ projects Climate, Community Biodiversity Alliance standards. Qantas purchasing carbon credits Tasmanian forests (Australia) shows companies interested purchasing complete projects offset emissions improve image preserving forests. 26 ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . Key conclusions Accessing developing markets biodiversity products services complex complicated issue heart developing profitable, long-term commercial businesses products sustainably ensuring increased economic - sourcing communities. ú recommendations emphasized: • successful supplier/buyer relationship developed based onmutual respect transparency, partner giving receiving . • products, carbon credit project product biodiversity, time bring market. úere explore diûerent options accelerating partnership (.. research development, addressing market access barriers). seek supplier/ buyer partnerships product innovations addition, knowledge experience actors . • products costly launch. SMEs research options funding advice ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ :© ð õð íë ä: úê ö æë èç ïé . 27 government, private sector NGOs ground bring products market readiness. • BioTrade entrepreneurs product ensure fulýls buyers’ requirements. • Product promotion, products, developed ýnal customer level. good story product – face cream “community biodiversity” element carbon credit – positive ûect commercial success. • Government rules regulations, biodiversity-based products, changing regular basis. due ABS health security issues , domestic international regulations monitored regularly avoid costly mistakes. • Benefit sharing agreements supplier associations cement commercial relationships. Investment local communities buyer ensure long-term stable commercial relationships increased security supply chains. ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : æ ëõ ðò çô . 28 Background ú session focused sharing lessons learned practices developing BioTrade biodiversity-based chains Africa, Asia Latin America working þora species, interphase þora climate change. Finally, session highlighted importance credit lines funding support initiatives enhancing chains. VII. VALUE CHAIN ENHANCEMENT Speakers Moderator ù. îúòñ ñïñúú Research Innovation Manager, PhytoTrade Africa ù. ÷ùòñ Akñùúñø Community Fair Trade Senior Buyer, Body Shop ø. î òõ ÷õ BioTrade Programme Viet Nam (HELVETAS Viet Nam) ù. îîõ ûúú Consultant International Trade Centre (ITC) ø. Chøòùú÷ph õîûñõ Head Cocoa Purchasing Sustainability, Member Executive Board Chocolats Halba ø. òôòpp÷ òùòõ÷ Supply Chain & Operations Project Manager, Gucci ø. ñõé óñ‑ îøïíî îôî÷ Head Environmental Business Unit , Development Bank Latin America (CAF) ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . II BIOTRADE CONGRESS Biodiversity climate change: Integrating REDD+ BioTrade Strategies 29 Summary panel panel comprised mix industry representatives, funding initiatives development organizations. Body Shop pioneering nature-inspired cosmetic brand established community fair trade programme support communities supplying speciý ingredients marula oil cocoa butter.ú focus ú Body Shop presentation personal care ingredients fromAfrica, transparency company promotes chains works , importance organized producer groups. Chocolats Halba presented cocoa chains importance certification brand Fairtrade carbon neutral labelling. ú approach Chocolats Halba ýrmly focused long-term supply, valourization ecosystem services ensuring sustainable practices integral component company practices. HELVETAS Swiss Intercooperation presented phytomedicine product chains Viet Nam key constraints identiýed BioTrade awareness raising highlighted local producers. Gucci focused python skins Asia chain fashion industry. Gucci key pillars: fashion, craÿsmanship responsibility. úey integrate deeply chain aim promoting sustainable growth. key issues faced python skin supply chains ensuring traceability, Gucci’ Gucci addresses sustainable sourcing practices. ú International Trade Centre (ITC) presented case study carbon footprints programme spoke complexities assessing chains. ITC involved projects industry partners including Gucci python skins, highlighting inclusive nature chain development projects. Climate change reporting carbon emission footprints requested consumers product sectors tea. ú adds -tariû barrier farmers places additional requirements actors chain. regard, support work ITC presented adaptation training education programmes. Development Bank Latin America (CAF) explained integrated sustainable development core principles. BioTrade important focus area CAF strives include stakeholders relies commitment local agencies execute successful projects.ú combined focus biodiversity stakeholder development successfully married BioTrade projects, regarded bridge green economy. CAF supports actor supply chain attention weakest part chain. ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . 30 Key conclusions key conclusions recommendations emerged: • order access customers, producer groups organized. level organization structure processes enables access larger diverse customer base. Organizational capacity applies certiýcation process reach producers met minimum level organization required. implementing REDD+ projects existing chains, ensure capacity building funding . • úere move producer groups chain higher secure returns. , clear discussions cases objective producing groups. Based observation concluded stakeholders 31 work closely deýning targeted point chain actors collectively agree . , approach grassroots , demand driven. • Industry partners suppliers alike agreed relationships chain based long-termcommercial agreements, strong linkages transparency. Gucci gave speciý recommendation based model, industry partner integrated chain, product lifecycle. • consumer andmarket chain, recommended work increase understanding certiýcation impact . clear diûerent strategies adopted diûerent companies. ,ú Body Shop labels products certiýed, Chocolats Halba labels major marketing tool. degree market driven certiýcation, impact consumer demand ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : ö ïæ äå ëó ï ê äï ìö äñ `“ ç åö òô ðô ä òä í ö õö òð ”. 32 VIII. SOUTHþSOUTHANDCROSSþINDUSTRY COOPERATION ÿ SHARING OF EXPERIENCES AND BEST PRACTICES Background session presented concrete case studies promote sharing experiences knowledge view multi-disciplinary sector-wide collaboration variety sectors geographical distribution. highlighted importance capacity-building programmes order disseminate expand knowledge BioTrade biodiversity-based businesses. Speakers Moderator ù. îõñùùî õîø Specialist BioTrade Ministry Environment, Peru ø. úîò Chòîþî Responsible coordinating research reporting PhytoTrade Africa ø. ñðø÷ ÷îøñù Researcher Institute Conservation Sustainable Develop- ment Amazonas (IDESAM) ø. õú÷õþ îøî Curator Conservator Collections, McCarthy Museum, Papua Guinea. ø. ôîûðñ ø÷îñ÷ú Director Sustainable Development, Yves Rocher Group Director, Yves Rocher Foundation îüòð òüîù‑ûûò Legal ýcer, UNCTAD ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : ðò çï ä ä òä î ëí íð . II BIOTRADE CONGRESS Biodiversity climate change: Integrating REDD+ BioTrade Strategies 33 Summary panel emergence South-South cooperation cross-industry mechanisms starting complement traditional North-South model understanding suitable solutions significant impact sustainable development. PhytoTrade Africa presented strategic approach focusing strengthening supply chain : • Local regional networks producers distribution channels; • Diversifying products improving quality; • Promoting competitiveness; • Enabling industry consumer awareness. Partnerships UNCTAD UEBT essential bolster impacts ensure sustainability. seeking creating solid ýnancial environment promoting addition, sustainable investment product formulation. ú Surui Forest Carbon Project (Brazilian Amazon) emissions reduction forest conservation project involves benefits indigenous communities. Free, prior informed consent voluntary participation Surui indigenous community basis project’ success. Strong outreach skills, transparency, integration community’ traditional resource management decision-making frameworks project design key ingredients success. late 2013, Natura supporting REDD+ project. ýrst REDD+ projects PapuaNewGuinea implemented, regulations institutions weak – unfavourable land deals signed û logging practices adequatelymanagedwhich led tensions uncertain carbon deals. ú changed creation üce deal adaptation, mitigation REDD+, development strategic plans introduction -managed pilot projects. Yves Rocher, corporate principle, “úree pillars sustainability: culture, development environment”, managed commit chain move sustainability ABS practice.úrough creation circular economic framework model, Yves Rocher : • Increasingly wind energy factories; • Ensuring recyclable materials ; • Practising natural capital restoration • planting 50 million trees. ú session allowed participants acknowledge importance capacity building tools, provision uniqueness similarity ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : òð ùç åõ ð ç òö ë ðæ ë÷ çò ôð û EC / IZ ü. 34 country/industry experience. instruments lexible, demand-driven, easily transferable, multi-stakeholder cost utilization technological advances (.. UNCTAD’ BioTrade -learning courses). approach evidenced governmental academic action Ecuador Peru train public servants importance BioTrade, create master’ degree BioTrade Peru. 35 Key conclusions experiences discussions, conclusions arose: • Sustainability approaches BioTrade, implemented industries countries, schemes individual companies regional associations. • Strengthening chains critical achieving BioTrade principles sustainable development framework, commitment involved party driver successful arrangements. • REDD+project implementation transparency integration community’ traditional resource management, social hierarchy decision-making frameworks, government support. issues, REDD+ pilot projects feasible conserve Amazon forests. • Instruments capacity bui lding empowerment stakeholders BioTrade initiatives flexible, demand-driven, easily transferable, cost. ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . 36 IX. IMPORTANCE OF TRACEABILITY SYSTEMS ÿ SHARINGOF EXPERIENCES AND KNOWLEDGE Background ú session discussed importance traceability systems sustainable sourcing þora fauna species, legal, sustainable livelihoods rural communities. Traceability plays major role implementing CITES’ mandate regulate international trade listed þora fauna species order threaten existence. Traceability essential private sector, consumers increasingly concerned origins products buy. Speakers Moderator ø. îúòîù öøúùïñø CITES Management Authority Switzerland & Head Section Protection Species, Federal Food Safety Veterinary ýce FSVO ø. ÷ ðñ ñûôñõîñø Scientiý Support ýcer CITES Secretariat ù. ÷ùùñôôî îüîôò Corporate Social Environmental Responsibility Manager, Gucci ø. òôòpp÷ òùòõ÷ Supply Chain & Operations Project Manager, Gucci ø. ûïî ÷ôúøò Head, Economic Department Italian Tanners’ Association (UNIC) ø. ÷õîîù õûô÷ OIC, Trade, Environment, Climate Change Sustainable Development Branch, UNCTAD ù. îõñùùî õîø Specialist BioTrade Ministry Environment, Peru Summary panel CITES – international convention , 40 years, framework guarantee international trade endangered species wild fauna þora legal, sustainable traceable – introduced byTomdeMeulenaer.ú achieved system permits certiýcates accompany shipment crosses international borders. Convention signed 178 States, guaranteeing virtually worldwide coverage. noted special cases permit system suücient assert legality sustainability trade additional systems traceability enforced, instance, trade caviar, crocodilian skins queen conch. Rossella Ravagli Filippo Nishino Gucci presented views private sector. luxury brands Gucci, sustainability legality social compatibility products prime importance. years ûort put assuring factors assured thewhole chainof production.Anexampleof aproduct linewhich incorporates aspects presented. Tanneries play crucial role chain custody production reptile leather fashion industry. result number tanneries reptile leathers worldwide form bottleneck trade þow. Controls level traceability level crucial elements trade. ú challenges situation presents discussed Italian Tanners’ Association (UNIC), tanneries contribute sustainability traceability. Bonapas Onguglo, UNCTAD, introduced findings joint UNCTAD/CITES study traceability Asian python skins.ú study showed introduction enhanced traceability system challenges . proposed diûerent mechanisms formarking stages introduction system. Finally, practical case implementation positive consequences traceability system trade tropical timber species, cocoba (Swietenia macrophylla), detailed Vanessa Ingar Ministry Environment Peru. , usefulness traceability system implementing sustainability trade, adaptable practical systems work exchange information adapt system emphasized. II BIOTRADE CONGRESS Biodiversity climate change: Integrating REDD+ BioTrade Strategies ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ: © ð õð íëä : êë åå ð ðæ ë . ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ :© ð õð íë ä: ùç íí ðø . 37 ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ : CT . Key conclusions ú conclusions emerged: • Private sector consumers informed origins products sell buy. Industries brands moving socially environmentally compatible practices order fulý consumers’ wishes. • , traceability major issue relates trade endangered wildlife products. assertion trade commodity, instance wildlife products, : - sustainable; - legal; - socially compatible (.. contribution livelihood animal welfare). • developing suitable traceability system, important involve stakeholders chain. • Making system work requires dedicated funding trade chain. important agree deýne issues pays , funding distributed. ú examples discussed Congress shown enhanced traceability lead sustainable trade beneýts livelihood local people. commodities “paper traceability” work developed CITES-listed species demonstrated proactive approach undertaken. 3838 ABS access beneý sharing BioCAN Programme Biodiversity Amazon Region Andean Countries BTIAS BioTrade Impact Assessment System CAF Development Bank Latin America CBD Convention Biological Diversity CITES Convention International Trade Endangered Species Wild Fauna Flora DESA Department Economic Social Affairs (UN) ECA Economic Commission Africa ECE Economic Commission Europe ECLAC Economic Commission Latin America Caribbean ESCAP Economic Social Commission Asia Paciý ESCWA Economic Social Commission Western Asia GHG greenhouse gas IADG internationally agreed development goal IDESAM Institute Conservation Sustainable Development Amazonas ITC International Trade Centre NTFP -timber forest product MEA multilateral environmental agreement REDD Reducing Emissions Deforestation Forest Degradation REDD+ REDD sustainable management forests, conservation forest carbon stocks enhancement forest carbon stocks SDG Sustainable Development Goal SECO Swiss State Secretariat Economic Affairs SGCAN General Secretariat Andean Community SIPPO Swiss Import Promotion Programme SME small medium-sized enterprise UEBT Union Ethical BioTrade UNCTAD United Nations Conference Trade Development UNDOC UN ýce Drugs Crime UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention Climate Change UNIC Italian Tanners’ Association VCS Veriýed Carbon Standard Working world. BioTrade Initiative, UNCTAD ê ðõ ð åò çæ ëõ :© ð õð íë ä: æç ìú çò ßß ã. Printed France – GE-15-09358 () – 2015 – 500 – UNCTAD/DITC/TED/2014/6