Training Manual on Developing Joint BioTrade and REDD+ Projects

1.1 biodiversity ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.2 BioTrade ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.3 Convention Biological Diversity relate BioTrade .............................................................. 7 BioTrade Convention Biological Diversity ............................................................................................................................. 8 1.4 BioTrade principles criteria ............................................................................................................................................................... 8 1.5 BioTrade stakeholders/actors ............................................................................................................................................... 9 1.6 BioTrade sectors ................................................................................................................................................................................. 9 1.7 BioTrade products services ............................................................................................................................................... 10 1.8 BioTrade chain...................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Definition .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 chain approach ................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 1.9 Overview UNCTAD BioTrade methodologies sustainable management wild-collected species ............. 11 1.10 BioTrade activities monitored .................................................................................................................................................. 12 1.11 biodiversity-related, social economic benefits BioTrade ..................................................................... 13 2.1 REDD+ ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14 2.2 involved REDD+ projects ............................................................................................................................................................. 15 2.3 REDD+ projects place ......................................................................................................................................................... 15 2.4 basic requirements REDD+ .......................................................................................................................................... 16 2.5 basic steps REDD+ project .......................................................................................................................................... 16 2.6 existing carbon markets........................................................................................................................................................ 17 2.7 REDD+ carbon credits commercialized .................................................................................................................................. 17 2.8 existing standards REDD+ ............................................................................................................................................ 18 Main voluntary market standards .................................................................................................................................................................. 18 Capturing -benefits............................................................................................................................................................................................ 19 2.9 existing methodologies REDD+ .................................................................................................................................. 20 Verified Carbon Standard methodologies ................................................................................................................................................... 20 American Carbon Registry Plan Vivo .......................................................................................................................................... 20 2.10 outcomes REDD+ project .......................................................................................................................................... 21 2.11 benefits REDD+ projects shared stakeholders ............................................................................. 21 2.12 REDD+ projects monitored ........................................................................................................................................................ 22 3.1 combine BioTrade REDD+ ............................................................................................................................................................ 24 3.2 synergies BioTrade REDD+ goals ......................................................................................................... 24 3.3 Implementing BioTrade REDD+: National project-level approaches .............................................................................. 25 BioTrade ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 25 REDD+ .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26 Guidelines combining BioTrade REDD+ ...................................................................................................................................... 26 3.4 key differences BioTrade REDD+ ......................................................................................................... 26 3.5 opportunities combining BioTrade REDD+ ................................................................................................... 27 Combining costs benefits ........................................................................................................................................................................... 27 Offsetting chain ................................................................................................................................................................................... 27 Integrating capacity-building workshops .......................................................................................................................................... 28 Step 1 – Identify project area species/ecosystems BioTrade potential ............................................................................ 29 Step 2 – Identify stakeholders community engagement strategy .......................................................................................... 30 Step 3 – Define baseline methodology ................................................................................................................................................ 31 Step 3.1 baseline scenario ....................................................................................................................................................... 31 Step 3.2 methodology selected .................................................................................................................................................... 32 Step 3.3 risk, leakage additionality ................................................................................................................................. 32 Step 3.4 carbon stocks assessed ................................................................................................................................................. 33 Step 3.5 statistical requirements ...................................................................................................................................... 34 Step 3.6 BioTrade integrated REDD+ baseline work .......................................................................................... 35 Step 4 – Define project activities monitoring plans ...................................................................................................................... 38 Step 4.1 project scenario .......................................................................................................................................................... 38 Step 4.2 Climate, Community Biodiversity standard fit project scenario .......................... 38 Step 4.3 BioTrade strategy developed................................................................................................................................. 39 Step 4.4 project ensure good practices ......................................................................................................................... 41 Step 5 – Validate project ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 41 Step 5.1 validation ............................................................................................................................................................................... 41 Step 5.2 -conformity responses ......................................................................................................................................... 42 Step 5.3 validator selected ............................................................................................................................................................ 42 Step 6 – Monitor project, commercialization ................................................................................................................................... 42 Step 6.1 verification REDD+ .............................................................................................................................................. 42 Step 6.2 carbon credits issued ..................................................................................................................................................... 42 ‐ 1 CBD (2009). 2 UNCTAD (2012b). 3 3 ecosystem defined “ system complex interactions populations environment” “joint functioning interaction compartments (populations environment) functional unit variable size” (FAO (2003)). 4 UNCTAD (2007). 5 United Nations Conference Environment Development, 1992. Earth Summit. information, http://www..org/geninfo/bp/enviro.html. http://www..org/geninfo/bp/enviro.html 9 6 UNCTAD BioTrade Initiative supports initiatives related species ecosystems, genetic resources. 7 UNCTAD (2007). 8 Ibid. 9 detailed list principles criteria, UNCTAD BioTrade Principles Criteria (2007), http://www.biotrade.org/ResourcesPublications/UNCTAD_BT_PC_en.pdf. 10         10 UNCTAD (2012). P1: Conservation biodiversity C1.1 Preserved characteristics ecosystems natural habitats managed species C1.2 Perserved genetic variability flora, fauna microorganisms ( conservation) C1.3 Preserved ecological processes C1.4 Activities developed management plans natural areas, coordination relevant authorities actors involved 11 12 11 information, definitions biological resources ecosystems article 2 CBD. 12 UNCTAD (2009a). 13 13 Detailed information BTIAS publication: UNCTAD (2012), BTIAS, UNCTAD/DITC/TED/2010/9, York Geneva, http://www.biotrade.org/ResourcesPublications/UNCTAD_DITC_TED_2010_9.pdf. 14 15 16 14 Parker, ., Mitchell, ., Trivedi, ., Mardas, . Sosis, . 2009. REDD+ Book. Global Canopy Programme, Oxford. 15 Annex Parties include industrialized countries members Organization Economic Cooperation Development (OECD) 1992, countries economies transition ( EIT Parties), including Russian Federation, Baltic States Central Eastern European States (source UNFCCC). Kyoto Protocol, annex parties assigned national GHG emission quotas view reducing, individually jointly, emissions gases 5 cent 1990 levels. 16 Bali Action Plan Decision 1/CP13, paragraph 1()(iii). REDD+ Reducing emissions deforestation Reducing emissions forest degradation Conservation forest carbon stocks Sustainable management forests Enhancement forest carbon stocks ) 17 ) ) ) 18 17 information related legal/regulatory requirements, step 1() land tenure module 4. 18 map http://www.forestsclimatechange.org/redd-map/#. 19 ) ) ) ) ) 19 details, module 4. → → ) ) 20 21 ) 22 ) 20 Joint Implementation CDM project-based mechanisms Kyoto Protocol. enabled industrialized countries generate carbon emission reduction units carrying joint implementation projects developed countries (Joint Implementation) investing sustainable development projects reducing emissions developing countries (CDM). Source: UNFCCC. 21 details, module 4. 22 step 6 project development methodology module 4. Step 1. Project area identification Step 2. Project stakeholder identification Step 3. Development baseline scenario Step 4. Development project activities monitoring plan Step 5. Validation Step 6. Monitoring credit issuance verification ) ) ) 23 23 footnote 16. 24 25 24 information markets carbon credits, module 2, sections 6 7. 25 Decision 9/CP.19, paragraph 22. 26 27 28 29 30 31 26 VCS methodologies http://www.--.org/methodologies. 27 examples methodologies agriculture, forestry land sectors http://www.-- .org/methodologies/find. 28 ACR methodology avoiding planned deforestation http://americancarbonregistry.org/carbon- accounting/standards-methodologies/reducing-emissions--deforestation--degradation-redd-2013-avoiding-planned- deforestation/acr-methodology--redd-avoiding-planned-deforestation-v1-0-april-2011_final.pdf. 29 ACR REDD methodology modules http://americancarbonregistry.org/carbon-accounting/carbon-accounting/redd- methodology-modules-1. 30 Details differences ACR VCS modules ( relation REDD methodology modules) http://americancarbonregistry.org/carbon-accounting/differences--acr--vcs-modules. 31 Resources http://www.planvivo.org/tools--resources/. ) ) ) ) ) 32 33 34 35 32 United Nations Declaration Rights Indigenous Peoples, http://www..org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/DRIPS_en.pdf. 33 Safeguards procedures approaches ensure REDD+ activities harm people environment (UN- REDD Programme). 34 Decision 1/CP.16, FCCC /CP/2010/7/Add.1, includes appendix 1, entitled “Guidance safeguards policy approaches positive incentives issues relating reducing emissions deforestation forest degradation developing countries; role conservation, sustainable management forests enhancement forest carbon stocks developing countries”. 35 COP17/CMP7 Durban, South Africa December 2011, Governments recommitted REDD+ resolved set financial technical issues, including safeguards reference levels (Decision -/CP.17,, http://unfccc.int/files/meetings/durban_nov_2011/decisions/application/pdf/cop17_safeguards.pdf. FCCC/CP/2011/9/Add.1, Decision 3/CP.17, “Launching Green Climate Fund”, foresees development environmental social safeguards fiduciary principles standards internationally accepted Fund. 36  36 Mwayafu Kisekka (2012), http://redd-net.org/files/safeguards%20final%20web.pdf.    37 37 information Suruí Carbon Forest Project http://idesam.org.br/nossos-projetos/carbono-surui/. 9. sale carbon credits 8. Verification process VCS 7. Validation process VCS CCB 6. Preparation PDD 5. Biomass calculations; socioeconomic biodiversity inventories 4. Compilation data previous mapping assessments 3. Free, prior informed consent 2. REDD feasibility study 1. Establishing partnerships legal agreements 38 39 40 38 International Union Forest Research Organizations (2012). 39 Forest Trends (2013). 40 Forest Trends (2012). 41 ) 42 43 41 UNCTAD partners implement activities Africa, Asia Latin America. case studies presented section related project priority countries: Peru Ecuador. 42 Information Programa Nacional de Promoció del BioComercio http://www.minam.gob.pe/diversidadbiologica/problematica/biocomercio/ 43 Estrategia Nacional de Diversidad Biológica: http://www.minam.gob.pe/diversidadbiologica/problematica/instrumentos-de-gestion-de- la-diversidad-biologica/estrategia-nacional-de-diversidad-biologica/ 44 ) 45 46 47   44 MINAM (2013), http://www.minam.gob.pe/diversidadbiologica/wp-content/uploads/sites/21/2013/10/Manual- Biocomercio.pdf. 45 Information Programa BioComercio Sostenible Ecuador http://www.biocomercioecuador.ec/ biocomercio-en-el-ecuador/programa-nacional-de-biocomercio-sostenible, referenced BioTrade website (www.biotrade.org). 46 framework http://www.--.org/JNRI. 47 information, http://www.--.org/jnr-pilot-program. http://www.biocomercioecuador.ec/biocomercio-en-el-ecuador/programa-nacional-de-biocomercio-sostenible http://www.biocomercioecuador.ec/biocomercio-en-el-ecuador/programa-nacional-de-biocomercio-sostenible     48          48 BTOs working selected goods services agree fulfil BioTrade principles criteria implementation workplans. Activities workplans supported BioTrade partners programmes. Methodologies assessments Methodologies assessments BTOs complying BioTrade principles, criteria indicators developed, management plans, resource assessments business plans. Supporting chains Support selected products/services chains Governments regional authorities helps identify market support required BTOs implement activities deliver BioTrade outcomes. Assessment stakeholders Assessment stakeholders community groups, BTOs, project developers, government agencies, . ensures considered development/implem entation BioTrade activities strategies. BTO assessment BTO workplans monitoring, evaluation impact system implemented results assessed ensure comply BioTrade principles, criteria indicators. 49 49 forest defined “ minimum area land 0.05–1.0 hectares tree crown cover ( equivalent stocking level) 10–30 cent trees potential reach minimum height 2–5 metres maturity situ” decision 11/CP.7 Marrakesh Accords, FCCC/CP/2001/13/Add.1, 21 January 2002. Step 1 •Identify project area species/ecosystems BioTrade potential Step 2 •Identify stakeholders community engagement strategy Step 3 •Define baseline methodology Step 4 •Define project activities monitoring plan Step 5 •Validate project Step 6 •Monitor project, commercialization 50 51 50 Benefit sharing REDD+ defined agreements stakeholders distribution monetary benefits commercialization forest carbon, noted IUCN (2010). 51 ADPML Portel-Para REDD+ project, VCS project database, http://www.vcsprojectdatabase.org (accessed 5 , 2013). http://www.vcsprojectdatabase.org/ 52 53 54 52 definition http://www.fao.org/docrep/009/j9345e/j9345e07.htm. 53 VCS (2013). 54 Spatially discrete term describe activities occur area; boundaries overlap . http://www.fao.org/docrep/009/j9345e/j9345e07.htm http://www.conservation.org//centers_programs/carbon_fund/Documents/project_developers_guide_to_vcs_redd_11282011FINAL.pdf 55 56 57 55 methodology http://--.org/methodologies/VM0015. 56 instance, discussed module 2, Plan Vivo implements projects avoid deforestation. 57 calculator http://www.--.org/sites/--.org/files/AFOLU%20Non-Permanence%20Risk%20Tool,%20v3.2.pdf. http://--.org/methodologies/VM0015 http://www.--.org/sites/--.org/files/AFOLU%20Non-Permanence%20Risk%20Tool,%20v3.2.pdf 58 59  58 VCS (2013). 59 tool http://www.--.org/methodologies/VT0001. http://www.--.org/methodologies/VT0001  60  Total carbon stock forest (tC) = carbon stock (tC ha⁄ ) ∗ area forest (ha)   61 60 field plot measurement option represented yellow rectangle. 61 information calculator http://www.winrock.org/resources/winrock-sample-plot-calculator. 62 63 64 62 UNCTAD (2009a). 63 sections chain selection assessment based UNCTAD chain support methodology (UNCTAD, 2009a). module 1 overview methodology. 64 Ibid. http://www.biotrade.org/ResourcesPublications/unctad_ditc_bcc_2008_1_Eng.pdf 65                         66 65 UNCTAD (2009a). 66 prioritized actions listed respective steps, expected outcomes timelines. 67 68 69 70 67 http://ethicalbiotrade.org/dl/public--outreach/Ethical-BioTrade-Standard_2012.pdf 68 information http://biocomercioecuador.ec/remos_downloads/Guia%20aplicacion%20PyC%20Turismo.pdf. 69 Instituto Peruano de Productos Naturales. 70 information http://www.minam.gob.pe/diversidadbiologica/wp-content/uploads/sites/21/2014/02/Manual-de- Uso-de-la-Herramienta.pdf. 71 71 information http://www.climate-standards.org/. http://www.climate-standards.org/ 72 72 PDD templates http://www.--.org/sites/--.org/files/VCS Project Description Template%2C v3.2_0.doc (VCS) http://americancarbonregistry.org/carbon-accounting/tools-templates/documents/ ACR%20Template%20for%20GHG%20Project%20Plans.docx (ACR). http://www.--.org/sites/--.org/files/VCS%20Project%20Description%20Template%2C%20v3.2_0.doc http://americancarbonregistry.org/carbon-accounting/tools-templates/documents/ACR%20Template%20for%20GHG%20Project%20Plans.docx http://americancarbonregistry.org/carbon-accounting/tools-templates/documents/ACR%20Template%20for%20GHG%20Project%20Plans.docx 73       74 73 list eligible VVBs websites carbon -benefits standards selected. Sample VVBs selected countries Colombian Institute Technical Standards Certification (http://www.icontec.org), Det Norske Veritas Climate Change Services AS (http://www.dnv.), Instituto Brasileiro de Opiniã ública Estatística Limitada (http://www.ibope.) Rainforest Alliance (http://www.rainforest-alliance.org/). http://www.icontec.org/ http://www.dnv./ http://www.ibope./ http://www.rainforest-alliance.org/ 75 76 77 74 risk buffer corresponds specific number credits defined identified level risk. 75 regard commercialization carbon credits, module 2, section 7. 76 Based Torres al., Presentation national workshops Ecuador integrating REDD+ BioTrade (2013), http://www.biotrade.org/MeetingsEvents/REDD+%20Nov2013%20Col-Ec-Br/Ec2.%20Sr.BolierTorres-12Nov.pdf; Biodiversity Good Company Initiative, http://www.business--biodiversity.de/fileadmin/user_upload/documents/The_Good_Companies/ Factsheets_CoP_11/GIZ_Raw_Cocoa_from_Ecuador.pdfPHPSESSID=d8be7b40a14976eee221de2a9bf5f401. 77 Biodiversity Good Company Initiative. http://www.biotrade.org/MeetingsEvents/REDD+%20Nov2013%20Col-Ec-Br/Ec2.%20Sr.BolierTorres-12Nov.pdf 78 ≥ 78 Deutsche Gesellschaft ü Internationale Zusammenarbeit. Nuclear transects; chakra: 6 Nuclear transects; monoculture: 1 Positive peripheral transects; chakra: 5 Positive peripheral transects; monoculture: 4 Negative peripheral transects; chakra: 0 Negative peripheral transects; monoculture: 1 Microhabitat transects; chakra: 6 Microhabitat transects; monoculture: 4 Fo Sp ec ( ph ib ia ns pt il es ) Systems Nuclear Transects Positive Peripheral Transects Negative Peripheral Transects Microhabitat Transects 79 80 79 information http://www.cbd.int/sp/targets/. 80 information http://www.cbd.int/abs/text/.         UNCTAD_DITC_TED_2015_1-COUV-A4-3-web Training-Manual-REDD-Version-2